ADL (Acquisition Distribution Layer): Essential Component of Disposable Hygiene Products

In today's fast-paced world, disposable hygiene products have become daily essentials. From baby diapers and adult incontinence products to feminine sanitary napkins, these items play a crucial role in maintaining health and improving quality of life. The Acquisition Distribution Layer (ADL) is a critical but often overlooked component that significantly enhances the performance of these products.

What is ADL in Disposable Hygiene Products?

The Acquisition Distribution Layer (ADL) is positioned between the topsheet (the layer in direct contact with the skin) and the absorbent core. Its primary function is to rapidly acquire liquid and efficiently distribute it across the absorbent core. This prevents localized saturation and ensures the surface remains dry and comfortable for the user.

Key Benefits of ADL

• Fast liquid absorption leading to a dry surface and reduced skin irritation

• Improved comfort due to soft, absorbent material structure

• Reduced rewet effect for enhanced hygiene and comfort

• Enables thinner product design while maintaining or improving absorbency

• Flexibility in material composition for customized product solutions

• Sustainable options using innovative fibers for eco-friendly products

Common Materials Used for ADL

Various materials are used for the Acquisition Distribution Layer in disposable hygiene products:

Nonwoven Fabrics

• Spunbond nonwovens: Known for strength, uniformity, and excellent fluid-wicking properties

• Hot air through nonwovens: Offer exceptional softness and a luxurious feel against the skin

• Spunlace nonwovens: Provide a distinct capillary effect for rapid liquid absorption and transport

Synthetic Fibers

Polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) fibers are commonly used due to their hydrophobic properties and compatibility with nonwoven technologies.

Specialty Fibers and Blends

Some ADL materials combine hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers to optimize fluid acquisition and distribution. Innovative wool-based fibers from ethically sourced New Zealand wool offer benefits such as odor control, improved dryness, thermal regulation, and biodegradability.

ADL Structure and Design

The ADL often features a multi-layer structure:

• Upper layer: Finer fibers for close contact with the surface layer and rapid liquid absorption

• Middle layer: Slightly coarser fibers and larger pores for rapid liquid infiltration

• Lower layer: Closely connected to the absorption layer to ensure even liquid distribution

Special pore distribution designs, such as gradient pore structures, improve overall diversion efficiency by allowing liquid to penetrate in different areas as needed.

Functional Principles of ADL

Rapid Diversion

Based on capillary action principles, the fine pores of ADL fibers generate strong capillary force to attract liquid. The surface tension difference between materials causes liquid to automatically move from the ADL to the absorption layer.

Liquid Distribution

The ADL guides liquid to be evenly distributed, dispersing concentrated influx into multiple streams. This prevents local absorption layer overload and maintains overall flatness and dryness.

Evaluating ADL Performance

• Absorption rate: Measured by the time required for a certain amount of liquid to be completely absorbed

• Diversion volume: Calculated by pouring a known liquid amount and weighing remaining liquid after absorption

• Reverse permeability: Simulated by applying pressure and friction to observe liquid reverse seepage

Environmental Considerations for ADL

The ADL industry is increasingly focusing on sustainability:

• Degradability and recyclability: Some materials can decompose in natural environments, while others are being developed for recycling solutions

• Eco-friendly material research: Natural plant fiber extracts are being used to modify traditional materials, and reusable diversion structures are under development

ADL Applications in Specific Products

ADL for Diapers

In baby and adult diapers, ADL ensures rapid urine acquisition and distribution, preventing leaks and maintaining skin dryness. The multi-layer structure adapts to body movements while providing maximum absorbency.

ADL for Sanitary Napkins

For feminine hygiene products, ADL provides discreet and reliable protection. The carefully designed layers ensure menstrual fluid is quickly absorbed and evenly distributed across the absorbent core, reducing the risk of leaks and providing all-day comfort.

ADL for Disposable Hygiene Products

Across all disposable hygiene products, ADL technology represents a balance between performance, comfort, and sustainability. From material selection to structural design, every aspect is optimized to enhance user experience while minimizing environmental impact.

Future of ADL Technology

As research continues, ADL technology is expected to advance further. Innovations in sustainable materials, improved absorption capabilities, and enhanced comfort features will continue to shape the future of disposable hygiene products. These advancements will not only meet consumer demands for performance and comfort but also address growing environmental concerns.

Conclusion

Although hidden within the product, the Acquisition Distribution Layer (ADL) plays a vital role in disposable hygiene products. From material selection to structural design, performance evaluation to technological innovation, ADL technology impacts the entire product lifecycle. As science and technology continue to advance, ADL will further optimize disposable hygiene products, meeting humanity's pursuit of hygiene, health, and environmental protection while ensuring comfort and dignity throughout life's important moments.