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Diapers are generally composed of three main parts: the surface layer, the absorbent layer and the bottom layer. The use and specific requirements of non-woven fabrics in different parts are as follows:
Hot air-through non-woven
Spunlace non-woven
Hydrophilic non-woven
Spunbond non-woven
PE film composite non-woven
ADL non-woven
Hot air-through non-woven fabric: After the fibers are combed, the hot air from the drying equipment is used to penetrate the fiber web, causing it to be heated and bonded to form a non-woven fabric. It has the characteristics of high fluffiness, good elasticity, soft hand feel, strong warmth retention, good air permeability and water permeability. It is more comfortable for babies to wear and is an ideal diaper surface material, but the production technology requirements and costs are relatively high. It is a good choice for surface layer of A grade diapers.
Spunlace non-woven fabric: It has extremely soft hand feel, good fluffiness, not easy to pilling, and does not contain chemical adhesives. The raw materials are generally cotton, viscose and other fibers, and have strong hygroscopicity. However, in order to reduce reverse osmosis, it is usually necessary to perform 3D embossing, perforation, unidirectional moisture conduction and other treatments to transform it into a fast-seeping dry surface layer. Some manufacturers used it as surface layer of diaper.
Hydrophilic non-woven fabric: The material obtained by hydrophilic finishing of non-woven fabrics by means of raw silk modification, plasma treatment, surface grafting, hydrophilic finishing, etc. has good hydrophilicity and air permeability, low liquid reverse osmosis, and the softness of the non-woven fabric itself is not affected, which meets the requirements of raw materials for the surface covering layer of baby diapers.
Spunbond non-woven fabric: SS, SSS, SMS, SMMS non-woven are popular in diaper in the world. Spunbond non-woven can be used as topsheet, backsheet, waistband, leg cuff, leak guard of diapers, which are also popular in other fields.
PE film composite non-woven fabric: The main function of the bottom layer is leak-proof. Some high-end diapers use PE film composite non-woven fabrics as the bottom fabric. This material has both PE The waterproof and leak-proof performance of the membrane, combined with the softness and comfort of non-woven fabrics, make the diapers more cloth-like and feel better, effectively preventing urine leakage while maintaining a certain degree of breathability.
ADL non-woven fabric: In thin or ultra-thin diapers, the diversion layer is an important part of transferring liquid received by the surface layer to the absorption layer. It is required to provide a large enough space to store and transfer a sufficient amount of liquid as soon as possible. The non-woven fabric used needs to have good liquid conductivity to help urine quickly penetrate into the absorption core.
Purpose of use: Direct contact with baby's skin, it needs to be soft and comfortable, breathable, good moisture absorption, low reverse osmosis, etc., to keep baby's skin dry and reduce discomfort and diaper rash.
Specific requirements:
• Hydrophilic treatment: Since non-woven fabrics have poor hygroscopicity, they usually need to be hydrophilicized, such as raw fiber modification, plasma treatment, surface grafting, hydrophilic finishing, etc., to enhance their hygroscopicity and accelerate the penetration and diffusion of urine.
• 3D embossing and perforation: 3D embossing and perforation are often used. The 3D concave-convex structure can reduce the contact area between the skin and the surface layer and accelerate the infiltration of liquid; perforation can increase air permeability, allowing urine to quickly pass through the through hole into the absorption layer, while achieving low reverse osmosis effect.
• Unidirectional moisture conduction function: Through structural design or chemical treatment, the non-woven fabric forms a hydrophilic difference between the skin-friendly side absorbing water and the non-skin-friendly side repelling water, achieving unidirectional moisture conduction, allowing urine to penetrate quickly and preventing back seepage.
Purpose of use: Mainly used to absorb and store urine, ensure that urine does not leak, and keep diapers dry.
Specific requirements:
• Auxiliary function: Although this layer is mainly composed of fluff pulp and polymer absorbent resin, non-woven fabrics are often used as auxiliary materials to wrap and fix fluff pulp and polymer absorbent resin to prevent them from shifting or scattering.
• Material characteristics: The non-woven fabric used must have a certain strength and flexibility to withstand the weight of urine and the pressure of the baby's activities, but it should not be too thick to avoid affecting the overall comfort and breathability of the diaper.
What is ADL? Some non-woven fabrics are also designed to have diversion function, which can guide urine to spread quickly and evenly throughout the absorption layer, improve absorption efficiency, and avoid urine concentration in one place, resulting in local saturation and leakage.
Purpose of use: It mainly plays the role of leak prevention and water isolation, preventing urine from penetrating into clothing or sheets.
Specific requirements:
• Material: Some high-end diapers use non-woven fabrics as the bottom layer, usually breathable PE film composite non-woven fabrics. This material has good waterproof performance and can ensure a certain degree of breathability, so that moisture can be dissipated, maintain the circulation of air inside and outside the diaper, and reduce the feeling of stuffiness and discomfort.
• Comfort: The bottom layer of non-woven fabrics should be soft and comfortable to touch, and will not cause friction and irritation to the baby's skin. It should also have a certain degree of elasticity and be able to adapt to the baby's different postures and movements, making it more comfortable to wear.
• Leak-proof design: The edge of the bottom layer of non-woven fabrics needs to be specially treated, such as using sealing strips or leak-proof partitions to enhance the leak-proof effect and prevent urine from leaking from the side.
